Sains Malaysiana
52(7)(2023): 1967-1976
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5207-06
Exogenous Giberellic Acid
Stimulates Bulb Dormancy Breaking and the Role of Paclobutrazol in Maintaining the Size of Harvested Bulb of Lily (Lilium sp.) cv. Tisento
(Asid Giberellik Eksogen
Merangsang Pemecahan Dorman Bebawang dan Peranan Paklobutrazol
dalam Mengekalkan Saiz Bebawang Lili (Lilium sp.) kv. Tisento yang Dituai)
SITI NUR ANISAH1, DIAH RATNADEWI2* & ENCE DARMO JAYA SUPENA2
1Plant Biology Graduate Program, Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences,
IPB
University, Jl. Agatis, Dramaga Campus. Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences,
IPB University, Jl. Agatis, Dramaga Campus. Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Diserahkan: 1 Disember 2022/Diterima: 27 Jun 2023
Abstract
Lilies
are increasingly demanded in Indonesia. However, the production of lily
seedlings in Indonesia still needs to be improved, causing a strong dependence
on imported bulbs as the planting material and low competitiveness in foreign
flower markets. Insufficient lily production is due to
the decreasing quality of the bulb as the planting material and the time
required for vernalization to break the bulb dormancy. The study aimed to
accelerate the time of bulb dormancy breaking and maintain the size of the lily
bulb to get an efficient flower production with good quality. The
research was conducted in a greenhouse during the rainy and dry seasons.
Various exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations with different soaking
times were applied to lily bulbs to shorten the dormancy period. The most
efficient treatment was soaking the bulbs in 100 mg/L of GA3 for 16 hours, from
19-20 weeks to 12-13 weeks. Further, paclobutrazol (PBZ) was sprayed on the
plants to decelerate vegetative growth and grow bulb size. The results showed
that GA3 could partly substitute vernalization to break bulb
dormancy, and PBZ maintained the bulb size after plant harvesting.
Additionally, the plant height was suppressed, and the stem diameter, leaf
chlorophyll, and bulb carbohydrate content were significantly increased under
300 mg/L PBZ treatment, resulting in the bulbs' bigger size.
Keywords: Gibberellin;
paclobutrazol; planting materials; plant quality; vernalization
Abstrak
Bunga
lili semakin mendapat sambutan di Indonesia. Walau bagaimanapun, pengeluaran
anak pokok lili di Indonesia masih perlu dipertingkatkan sehingga
menyebabkan kebergantungan tinggi terhadap bebawang import sebagai bahan tanaman dan daya saing yang rendah di
pasaran bunga luar negara. Pengeluaran bunga lili yang tidak mencukupi adalah
disebabkan oleh penurunan kualiti bebawang sebagai bahan penanaman dan masa yang
diperlukan untuk vernalisasi untuk memecahkan dorman bebawang. Kajian ini
bertujuan untuk mempercepatkan masa pecah dorman bebawang dan mengekalkan saiz
bebawang teratai untuk mendapatkan pengeluaran bunga yang cekap dengan kualiti
yang baik. Kajian ini dijalankan di rumah hijau semasa musim hujan dan kemarau.
Pelbagai kepekatan asid giberelik eksogen (GA3) dengan masa rendaman yang
berbeza digunakan pada bebawang lili untuk memendekkan tempoh dorman. Rawatan
yang paling berkesan ialah merendam mentol dalam 100 mg/L GA3 selama 16 jam,
dari 19-20 minggu hingga 12-13 minggu. Selanjutnya, paklobutrazol (PBZ) disembur
pada tumbuhan untuk melambatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan membesar saiz bebawang.
Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa GA3 sebahagiannya boleh menggantikan vernalisasi
untuk memecahkan dorman bebawang dan PBZ mengekalkan saiz bebawang selepas penuaian
tumbuhan. Selain itu, ketinggian tumbuhan telah ditindas dan diameter batang,
klorofil daun dan kandungan karbohidrat bebawang telah meningkat dengan ketara di
bawah rawatan PBZ 300 mg/L, menghasilkan saiz bebawang yang lebih besar.
Kata
kunci: Bahan
penanaman; giberelin;
kualiti tumbuhan; paklobutrazol;
vernalisasi
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: dratnadewi@apps.ipb.ac.id
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